Tes Formatif M1 LA3 Biography

Charles Dickens is much loved for his great contribution to classic English literature. He was the quintessential Victorian author. His epic stories, vivid characters and exhaustive depiction of contemporary life are unforgettable.

He was born in Portsmouth on 7 February 1812, to John and Elizabeth Dickens. The good fortune of being sent to school at the age of nine was short-lived because his father was imprisoned for bad debt. Charles was sent to work in Warren's blacking factory and endured appalling conditions as well as loneliness and despair. After three years he was returned to school, but the experience was never forgotten and became fictionalised in two of his better-known novels 'David Copperfield' and 'Great Expectations'.

Like many others, he began his literary career as a journalist. His own father became a reporter and Charles began with the journals 'The Mirror of Parliament' and 'The True Sun'. Then in 1833 he became parliamentary journalist for The Morning Chronicle. With new contacts in the press he was able to publish a series of sketches under the pseudonym 'Boz'. In April 1836, he married Catherine Hogarth. 

As well as a huge list of novels he published autobiography, edited weekly periodicals including 'Household Words' and 'All Year Round', wrote travel books and administered charitable organisations. He was also a theatre enthusiast, wrote plays and performed before Queen Victoria in 1851. He died of a stroke in 1870. He was buried at Westminster Abbey.

(Taken from : http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ dickens_charles.shtml)

What is the purpose of the text above?

Question 11 options:

	To entertain the readers with Charles Dicken's novels
	To amuse the readers with Charles Dicken's literary work
	To identify Charles Dicken's as a quintessential Victorian author
	To persuade the readers to have Charles Dicken's spirit
	To provide details about Charles Dicken's personal life

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Question 12 (1 point)

"Charles was sent to work in Warren's blacking factory and endured appalling conditions as well as loneliness and despair" What does the word "appalling" mean?

Question 12 options:

	Interesting
	Enthralling
	Horrifying
	Fascinating

Question 13 (1 point)

How did Dickens represent his unforgettable atrocious depression?

Question 13 options:

	by fictionalizing in novels
	by publishing a series of sketches
	by becoming a journalist
	by working hard in the factory

Question 14 (1 point)

Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?

Question 14 options:

	Charles Dickens was a quintessential Victorian author
	Charles Dickens wrote his novels, 'David Copperfield' and 'Great Expectations', based on his experience
	Charles Dickens began his literacy career as a reporter
	Charles Dickens felt lonely and desperate when he worked at Warren's blacking factory

Question 15 (1 point)

Why is Dickens reckoned as the quintessential Victorian author?

Question 15 options:

	his writing in 'The Mirror of Parliament' and 'The True Sun' D. his publishing company and charitable organisations
	his contribution to classic English literature
	his role in The Morning Chronicle

Text 4 for Question 16-20

Steven Paul Jobs was born on 24 February 1955 in San Francisco, California. He attended Homestead High School in Cupertino California and went to Reed College in Portland Oregon in 1972 but dropped out after only one semester, staying on to "drop in" on courses that interested him. He took a job with video game manufacturer Atari to raise enough money for a trip to India and returned from there a Buddhist.

Back in Cupertino he returned to Atari where his old friend Steve Wozniak was still working. Wozniak was building his own computer and in 1976 Jobs pre-sold 50 of the as-yet unmade computers to a local store and managed to buy the components on credit solely on the strength of the order, enabling them to build the Apple I without any funding at all.

The Apple II followed in 1977 and the company Apple Computer was formed shortly afterwards. By the time production of the Apple II ended in 1993 it had sold over 6 million units. In 1985 Jobs was fired from Apple and immediately founded another computer company, NeXT.

In the meantime, in 1986, Jobs bought The Computer Graphics Group from Lucasfilm. The group was responsible for making high-end computer graphics hardware but under its new name, Pixar, it began to produce innovative computer animations. Their first title under the Pixar name, Luxo Jr. (1986) won critical and popular acclaim and in 1991 Pixar signed an agreement with Disney, with whom it already had a relationship, to produce a series of feature films, beginning with Toy Story (1995).

In 1996 Apple bought NeXT and Jobs returned to Apple, becoming its CEO. In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and underwent surgery in 2004. Despite the success of this operation he became increasingly ill and received a liver transplant in 2009. He returned to work after a six month break but eventually resigned his position in August 2011 after another period of medical leave which began in January 2011. He died on 5 October 2011.

(Adapted from https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0423418/bio)

Which part of the story do you think may entertain readers?

Question 16 options:

	religious trip to Buddist
	dropped out yet successful
	adopted child
	endurable spirit to survive

Question 17 (1 point)

Steve Jobs resigned from his position because…

Question 17 options:

	He received a liver transplant.
	He suffered from illness.
	Apple fired him.
	He signed an agreement with Disney.

Question 18 (1 point)

~Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?

Question 18 options:

	Jobs returned to Apple in 2003.
	Jobs is the founder of NexT
	Jobs was 56 years when he died.
	Apple II was built in 1977.
	Apple did not like Jobs

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Question 19 (1 point)

What unique but strong character can you NOT specify from Jobs' story?

Question 19 options:

	good marketing ability
	high-end computer graphics hardware producer
	unstable personality
	talented film maker

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Question 20 (1 point)

What did Steve do when he was fired from Apple?

Question 20 options:

	returning to Atari
	producing a series of feature films
	signing an agreement with Disney
	founding NeXT

Text 2 for Question 6 - 10

Keith Campbell, a prominent biologist who worked on cloning Dolly the sh eep, died at 58, the University of Nottingham said Thursday. Campbell, who had worked on animal improvement and cloning since 1999, died October 5, 2012, University spokesman Tim Utton said. He did not specify the cause, only saying that Campbell had worked at the University until his death.

He began researching animal cloning at the Roslin Institute near Edinburgh in 1991. In 1996 the experiments led to the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. The sheep was named after the voluptuous singer Dolly Parton. Researchers at the time said that the sheep was created from a mammary gland cell, and that Parton offered an excellent example.

The creation of the sheep captured the public imagination and instantly became a scientific sensation. The experiments drew not only admiration but also anger from some who raised questions about the ethics of cloning. Animal rights activists were outraged, while the church of England expressed reservations. Dolly was put down in

2003 after she developed a lung disease. Campbell's interest in cellular growth dated

back to his college days studying microbiology in London. 

(Adapted from https://www.google.co.id/amp/s/www.itapuih.com/2018/02/kumpulan-soal- biography-text-sma-dan-pembahasan.html)

What can be inferred from the text?

Question 6 options:

	the research endangered sheep
	cloning was not needed
	sheep reservation was just more important
	microbiology has a vital contribution

Question 7 (1 point)

Which word of the following is closest in meaning to voluptuous?

Question 7 options:

	notorious
	curvaceous
	famous
	prominent

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Question 8 (1 point)

Why was the sheep named after Dolly Parton?

Question 8 options:

	The mammary gland cell was taken from her
	She was the one who inspired the researchers
	She was a voluptuous singer
	The researchers admired her

Question 9 (1 point)

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

Question 9 options:

	Campbell focused his research dealing with humans
	Campbell never felt leaving for the university
	Campbell started researching animal cloning as his experiments
	Campbell stopped working because of his sickness

Question 10 (1 point)

Why did the experiments not draw admiration perfectly?

Question 10 options:

	The experiments did not show the representative results of the cloning ethics
	Some people felt dissatisfied with the experiment results
	The public imagination became a scientific sensation
	Animal rights activists were outraged

Question 1 (1 point)

Text 1 for question 1-5

Noam Chomsky was born on December 7, 1928, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His undergraduate and graduate years were spent at the University of Pennsylvania where he received his PhD in linguistics in 1955. During the years 1951 to 1955, Chomsky was a Junior Fellow of the Harvard University Society of Fellows. While a Junior Fellow he  completed  his doctoral dissertation, entitled "Tran sformational Analysis."  The  major  theoretical viewpoints  of  the dissertation  appeared  in  the monograph "Syntactic Structure," which was published in 1957. This formed part of a more extensive work, "The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory," circulated in mimeograph in 1955 and published in 1975.

Chomsky joined the staff of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1955 and in

1961 was appointed full professor in the Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics (now the Department of Linguistics and Philosophy.) From 1966 to 1976 he held the Ferrari P. Ward Professorship of Modern Languages and Linguistics. In

1976 he was appointed Institute Professor.

During the years 1958 to 1959 Chomsky was in residence at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, N.J. In the spring of 1969 he delivered the John Locke Lectures at Oxford; in  January 1970 he delivered  the Bertrand  Russell Memorial Lecture at Cambridge University; in 1972, the Nehru Memorial Lecture in New Delhi, and in 1977, the Huizinga Lecture in Leiden, among many others.

Professor Chomsky has received honorary degrees from University of London, University of Chicago, Loyola University of Chicago, Swarthmore College, Delhi University, Bard College, University of Massachusetts, University of Pennsylvania, Georgetown University, Amherst College, Cambridge University, University of Buenos Aires, McGill University, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Columbia University, University of Connecticut, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, University of Western Ontario, University of Toronto, Harvard University, University of Calcutta, and Universidad Nacional De Colombia. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Science. In addition, he is a member of other professional and learned societies in the United States and abroad, and is a recipient of the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award of the American Psychological Association, the Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences, the Helmholtz Medal, the Dorothy  Eldridge  Peacemaker Award, the  Ben  Franklin  Medal  in  Computer  and Cognitive Science, and others.

Chomsky has written and lectured widely on linguistics, philosophy, intellectual history, contemporary issues, international affairs and U.S. foreign policy. His works include Aspects of the Theory of Syntax; Cartesian Linguistics; Sound Pattern of English (with Morris Halle); Language and Mind

(http://wps.pearsoned.ca/ca_ab_faigley_penghdbk_1/64/16472/4216919.cw/index

.html)

How long did Chomsky need to be a full professor after the graduation?

Question 1 options:

	six years
	three years
	two years
	four years

Question 2 (1 point)

The word fellow appeared several times in the text, the closest meaning of it is

Question 2 options:

	fresh graduate
	member of a body
	associate professor
	senior comrade

Question 3 (1 point)

What is it that made Chomsky a prominent figure in Linguistics?

Question 3 options:

	The widely used theories in linguistics, philosophy, and history
	The awards he earned in various fields
	The extensive work circulated in mimeograph in 1955 and published in 1975
	His brilliant ideas in Syntactic Structure

Question 4 (1 point)

Which is NOT true according to the text?

Question 4 options:

	Chomsky has got the success since he was young.
	Chomsky's success was because of his skill in writing
	Chomsky has written widely on Linguistics
	Chomsky was awarded more than five awards.

Question 5 (1 point)

Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

Question 5 options:

	Chomsky focused his interest on linguistics
	Chomsky was awarded more than ten awards
	Chomsky frequently got fellowship in his study.
	Chomsky got the success easily