Task 1 - 4 and Assignment M4 LA1 Newsreport PPGDALJAB

Task 2 M4 LA1 News

Text II

1.      Who might be interested in reading each news report?

Target Readers

1.      People in General

2.      Civil around there

3.      Oil Mineral

4.      Government

5.      Police

6.      Natural Observer

7.      Investor / Businessman

2.      What is each reporter’s position towards the issue? Provide the related words, expressions, and sentences as evidence to support your argument.

The reporter has a neutral or objective position towards the event.

1)   Reporting the event by just retelling the information given by the main source, the police.

Evidence:

·         "A group of people came to gather up oil and they weren't supposed to be there," the disaster agency said in a statement.

·         Agung Pribadi, a ministry spokesman. : "This is a case of illegal drilling and the ones responsible for it must be dealt with by the law,"

·         Agung said the well was being operated by local residents, adding that he was not sure if there were other illegal wells in the area.

·         Lieutenant Colonel Wahyu Kuncoro, chief of the East Aceh district police, told reporters at the scene that firefighters were trying to "break the chain of oxygen" in the well to stop the fire. He confirmed the well operation was illegal, but he said many villagers depended on it for their livelihood.

·         "Oil doesn't come up to the surface easily in these old wells, so they try to pump it up manually, then try to separate the oil by distillation in barrels, and that's where they probably had the fire," said Mangantar Marpaung, former chief of the Indonesian Mining Fire and Rescue Agency.

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3.      How would each news report enlighten its readers? Provide the related words, expressions, and sentences as evidence to support your argument.

Reading the news report, the readers will have good understanding about:

1)         The event or accident

Evidence:

·         A fire erupted at an illegal oil well site in Indonesia's northernmost province on Wednesday, killing at least 18 people and injuring about 40 others, some of whom were badly burnt, authorities said.

2)         The sources of the information:

Evidence:

·         the National Disaster Management Agency.

·         Agung Pribadi, a ministry spokesman.

·         Lieutenant Colonel Wahyu Kuncoro

·         Mangantar Marpaung, former chief of the Indonesian Mining Fire and Rescue Agency.

3)         The reason of A fire erupted at an illegal oil well site:

Evidence:

·        Local news reports said it may have started with a spark from a blowtorch or a worker smoking a cigarette.

4)         The time of the accident:

Evidence:

·        On Wednesday,

·        around 1.30am           

5)         The location of the accident:

Evidence:

·          at village of Pasir Putih in East Aceh district

6)         The victims:

Evidence:

·        at least 18 people and injuring about 40 others

7)         The authorities’ attention to the accident:

Evidence:

·           Indonesia's Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the state-owned oil company Pertamina sent teams to Aceh

·           Lieutenant Colonel Wahyu Kuncoro, chief of the East Aceh district police, told reporters at the scene that firefighters were trying to "break the chain of oxygen" in the well to stop the fire.

·           "Oil doesn't come up to the surface easily in these old wells, so they try to pump it up manually, then try to separate the oil by distillation in barrels, and that's where they probably had the fire," said Mangantar Marpaung, former chief of the Indonesian Mining Fire and Rescue Agency

8)         Historical relationship

Evidence:

·         In some cases, the wells were abandoned by the Dutch colonial administration that once ruled

Indonesia

Text III

1.      Who might be interested in reading each news report?

Target Readers

1.      People in general

2.      Zoo official

3.      Animal lovers

4.      Government

2.      What is each reporter’s position towards the issue? Provide the related words, expressions, and sentences as evidence to support your argument.

The reporter has a neutral or objective position towards the event.

Reporting the event by just retelling the information given by the main source, the officials

·         Four heavily armed poachers who targetted wild elephants in Malaysia have been caught, officials said Tuesday, the second such arrest in less than two years.

·         Wildlife officials said the gang caught near the town of Gerik in the nothern Malaysian state of Perak was found with deer antlers and suspected tiger bones.

·         “This crew is notorious. They hunt elephants,” wildlife department chief Abdul Kadir Abdul Hashim told AFP.

·         A police statement said weapons including rifles and homemade shotguns as well as animal snares were found after they arrested the gang.

3.      How would each news report enlighten its readers? Provide the related words, expressions, and sentences as evidence to support your argument.

Reading the news report, the readers will have good understanding about:

1)         The event or accident

Evidence:

Four heavily armed poachers who targetted wild elephants in Malaysia have been caught,

2)         The sources of the information:

Evidence:

Wildlife officials

3)         The place of arrest

Evidence:

near the town of Gerik in the nothern Malaysian state of Perak

4)         The evidence goods

Evidence:

·                    deer antlers and suspected tiger bones.

·        an elephant shot dead by the poachers in a nearby forest with its tusks ripped out

·        weapons including rifles and homemade shotguns

Task 3 M4 LA1

Now, you will analyze the TEXT STRUCTURES of the three news reports.

The Structure of the Headline

TEXT II

	Parts of News	Functions of the Parts
I.	Headline	Summarizing the event in a telegraphic text
	Fire erupts at illegal oil well in Indonesia	1)      The unfortunate event -          A fire erupted 2)      The time and location (an activity) -          At illegal oil well, Indonesia

The Structure of the Newsworthy Event

Now, have a close look at the structure of the section of the Newsworthy Event.

II.	Newsworthy Event (The first paragraph)	Summarizing the event: Restating the headline in a normal sentence or sentences, with more information added to the facts stated in the headline
	Jakarta: A fire erupted at an illegal oil well site in Indonesia's northernmost province on Wednesday, killing at least 18 people and injuring about 40 others, some of whom were badly burnt, authorities said.	1)      Restating unfortunate event followed by casualty -          killing at least 18 people and injuring about 40 others, some of whom were badly burnt ... 2)      Restating the time (in an activity he was doing) -          on Wednesday ... 3)      Starting with an information from authorities -          some of whom were badly burnt, authorities said.

 The Structure of the Events in Details

The section of ‘Events in Details’ elaborates the facts stated in the Newsworthy Events by providing necessary and additional details.

III.	Events in Details (The following paragraph)	Elaborating the Newsworthy Event providing more details about the facts stated in the Newsworthy Event
	The fire broke out around 1.30am at a backyard well in a village in Aceh province, on the northern tip of Sumatra Island, according to the National Disaster Management Agency. Authorities were still trying to determine what had caused the fire. Local news reports said it may have started with a spark from a blowtorch or a worker smoking a cigarette. Television news footage and photos showed flames rising at least 10 metres into the air in the farming village of Pasir Putih in East Aceh district, which is about 1600 kilometres north-west of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. Villagers had gathered at the well shortly after midnight, carrying buckets, jars and barrels, in hopes of collecting crude oil after being told about a massive spill there, according to the disaster agency. "A group of people came to gather up oil and they weren't supposed to be there," the disaster agency said in a statement. At least five homes were gutted by the fire, the agency said. Firefighters and other emergency personnel, along with villagers, were still trying to contain the blaze on Wednesday evening. Indonesia's Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the state-owned oil company Pertamina sent teams to Aceh, which has industrial oil and gas operations, to investigate the incident, said Agung Pribadi, a ministry spokesman. "This is a case of illegal drilling and the ones responsible for it must be dealt with by the law," he said. Agung said the well was being operated by local residents, adding that he was not sure if there were other illegal wells in the area. Lieutenant Colonel Wahyu Kuncoro, chief of the East Aceh district police, told reporters at the scene that firefighters were trying to "break the chain of oxygen" in the well to stop the fire. He confirmed the well operation was illegal, but he said many villagers depended on it for their livelihood. Illegal well operations are common in Indonesian regions where oil is present, including on the islands of Sumatra and Java. In some cases, the wells were abandoned by the Dutch colonial administration that once ruled Indonesia, and are now run by groups of villagers working around the clock. "Oil doesn't come up to the surface easily in these old wells, so they try to pump it up manually, then try to separate the oil by distillation in barrels, and that's where they probably had the fire," said Mangantar Marpaung, former chief of the Indonesian Mining Fire and Rescue Agency. "Then they sell it as kerosene to the local market, or for motorcycles and fishing boats," he said. "Those are their customers. The local governments know, but because they can't provide any other jobs, they look the other way."	Elaborating the incident 1.      the beginning of the incident The fire broke out around 1.30am at a backyard well in a village 2.      The cause of the fire It said it may have started with a spark from a blowtorch or a worker smoking a cigarette. 3.      The Description of fire flames rising at least 10 metres into the air in the farming village of Pasir Putih in East Aceh district 4.      The effect of the incident Villagers had gathered at the well shortly after midnight, carrying buckets, jars and barrels, in hopes of collecting crude oil 5.      The loss of the fire five homes were gutted by the fire, 6.      The response of authorities Indonesia's Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the state-owned oil company Pertamina sent teams to Aceh, which has industrial oil and gas operations, to investigate the incident 7.      The additional information the well operation was illegal, many villagers depended on it for their livelihood 8.      The historical relationship . In some cases, the wells were abandoned by the Dutch colonial administration that once ruled Indonesia, 9.      The chronologies of the fire erupted Oil doesn't come up to the surface easily in these old wells, so they try to pump it up manually, then try to separate the oil by distillation in barrels, and that's where they probably had the fire," 10.  The reason why the villagers takes the oil The local governments know, but because they can't provide any other jobs, they look the other way."
IV.	News Agent’s Initials	Closing the news with the news agent’s initials 1)      the owner of the copy right of the news report — New York Times

TEXT III

	Parts of News	Functions of the Parts
I.	Headline	Summarizing the event in a telegraphic text
	Elephant poachers arrested in Malaysia	3)      The Perpetrators -          Elephant poachers 4)      The important event -          arrested 5)      The time and location (an activity) -          Malaysia

The Structure of the Newsworthy Event

Now, have a close look at the structure of the section of the Newsworthy Event.

II.	Newsworthy Event (The first paragraph)	Summarizing the event: Restating the headline in a normal sentence or sentences, with more information added to the facts stated in the headline
	MALAYSIA: Four heavily armed poachers who targetted wild elephants in Malaysia have been caught, officials said Tuesday, the second such arrest in less than two years.	1)      Restating the subject with further details Four heavily armed poachers 2)      Adding the time of the event reported Tuesday 3)      Starting with the name of the location of coverage: Malaysia 4)      The source of news Officials

The Structure of the Events in Details

The section of ‘Events in Details’ elaborates the facts stated in the Newsworthy Events by providing necessary and additional details.

III.	Events in Details (The following paragraph)	Elaborating the Newsworthy Event providing more details about the facts stated in the Newsworthy Event
	Wildlife officials said the gang caught near the town of Gerik in the nothern Malaysian state of Perak was found with deer antlers and suspected tiger bones. A joint police and wildlife department investigation also led the agents to find an elephant shot dead by the poachers in a nearby forest with its tusks ripped out. “This crew is notorious. They hunt elephants,” wildlife department chief Abdul Kadir Abdul Hashim told AFP. “There are maybe two more [poaching] groups [in the area]. We are working together with the police on this.” A police statement said weapons including rifles and homemade shotguns as well as animal snares were found after they arrested the gang. The elephant’s tusks were not found, with a wildlife official believing that they were already sold. He added that the gang – all locals – were believed to have been operating since 2009, and were also active in the nearby state of Kelantan. The arrests come a year after a seven-man gang was arrested in Kelantan, with explosives, guns and parts of tusks seized.. – AFP	Elaborates the arrest ·         The evidence goods deer antlers, tiger bones and an elephant shot dead ·         weapons including rifles and homemade shotguns ·         Gerik town and forest The source of news ·         Wildlife department chief Abdul Kadir Abdul Hashim The additional information of the subject ·         the gang – all locals –has been operating since 2009 in the nearby state of Kelantan. The next arrest The place ·         In Kelantan The Time ·         a year after first arrest The evidence goods ·         explosives, guns and parts of tusks
IV.	News Agent’s Initials	Closing the news with the news agent’s initials 2)      the owner of the copy right of the news report —– AFP

Task 4

Now, you will analyse the lexicogrammatical features of the three news reports. The analysis of News Report 1 has been done for you as an example. Study the example carefully.

The Lexicogrammatical Features of the Headline

TEXT II

Fire Erupts at Illegal Oil Well in Indonesia

The Headline 1)      Bigger and bold fonts stating the newsworthy facts of the event 2)      Telegraphic sentence: leaving out function words. -          Fire  (telegraphic) = a fire (normal) 3)      The Simple Present Tense for ‘active’ voice -          Fire Erupts at Illegal Oil Well in Indonesia -          (for the normal form “... erupted / has erupted ...)

The Lexicogrammatical Features of the Newsworthy Event

The Newsworthy Events 4)      A sentence or sentences in the first paragraph containing all important facts about the event: (1) the casualty, (2) the accident, (3) the reason, (4) the time, and (5) the location; the verb in the past simple and Passive Voice. Jakarta: A fire erupted at an illegal oil well site in Indonesia’s northernmost province on Wednesday, killing at least 18 people and injuring about 40 others, some of whom were badly burnt, authorities said. 5)      It starts with the name of the place where the news was reported, in small cap characters: JAKARTA: ...

The Lexicogrammatical Features of the Events in Details

The Events in Details 1)      Tenses associated with past events: past tenses (simple past, past progressive, past perfect) and present perfect are used to state the details of the event 2nd paragraph:  broke out 3rd paragraph:             were still trying, had caused, have started 4th paragraph:             showed 5th paragraph:             had gathered 6th paragraph:             brought 7th paragraph:             were gutted, were still trying 8th paragraph:             sent 9th paragraph:             was being operated 10th paragraph            were trying 11st paragraph            were abandoned 2)      The passive voice -          At least five homes were gutted by the fire,. ... 3)      Direct quotations to report the events -          “"Oil doesn't come up to the surface easily in these old wells, so they try to pump it up manually, then try to separate the oil by distillation in barrels, and that's where they probably had the fire," said Mangantar Marpaung, former chief of the Indonesian Mining Fire and Rescue Agency.. 4)      Indirect quotations to report the events ·         At least five homes were gutted by the fire, the agency said. Firefighters and other emergency personnel, along with villagers, were still trying to contain the blaze on Wednesday evening. ·         Agung said the well was being operated by local residents, adding that he was not sure if there were other illegal wells in the area. 5)      Participle [present] to state the circumstances surrounding the event In hopes of collecting crude oil after being told about a massive spill there, 6)      Adjective clauses to add more information about a person/thing Flames rising at least 10 metres into the air in the farming village of Pasir Putih in East Aceh district, which is about 1600 kilometres north-west of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. 7)      Prepositional phrases to state the circumstances surrounding the events  -          at an illegal oil well site -          in Indonesia's northernmost province -          in Aceh province -          about 1600 kilometres north-west of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. -          on Wednesday evening

TEXT III

Elephant poachers arrested in Malaysia

The Headline 6)      Bigger and bold fonts stating the newsworthy facts of the event 7)      Telegraphic sentence: leaving out function words. -          Elephant poachers  (telegraphic) = The elephant poachers (normal) 8)      The Simple Past Tense for ‘active’ voice -          Elephant poachers arrested in Malaysia

The Lexicogrammatical Features of the Newsworthy Event

The Newsworthy Events 9)      A sentence or sentences in the first paragraph containing all important facts about the event: (1) the suspects, (2) the accident, (3) the reason, (4) the time, and the verb in the past simple and Passive Voice. Four heavily armed poachers who targeted wild elephants in Malaysia have been caught, officials said Tuesday, the second such arrest in less than two years.. 10)  It starts with the name of the place where the news was reported, in small cap characters: MALAYSIA: ...

The Lexicogrammatical Features of the Events in Details

The Events in Details 8)      Tenses associated with past events: past tenses (simple past, past progressive, past perfect) and present perfect are used to state the details of the event 2nd paragraph:              was found 3rd paragraph:             led 4th paragraph:             showed 6th paragraph             were found 7th paragraph             were not found, were already sold 8th paragraph             were believed 9)      The passive voice -          Wildlife officials said the gang caught near the town of Gerik in the nothern Malaysian state of Perak was found with deer antlers and suspected tiger bones. -          The elephant’s tusks were not found, 10)  Direct quotations to report the events -          “This crew is notorious. They hunt elephants,” wildlife department chief Abdul Kadir Abdul Hashim told AFP. -          “There are maybe two more [poaching] groups [in the area]. We are working together with the police on this.” 11)  Indirect quotations to report the events ·         Wildlife officials said the gang caught near the town of Gerik in the nothern Malaysian state of Perak was found with deer antlers and suspected tiger bones 12)  Participle [present] to state the circumstances surrounding the event weapons including rifles and homemade shotguns 13)    Participle (past) to modify nouns an elephant shot dead by the poachers 14)  Prepositional phrases to state the circumstances surrounding the events  -          near the town of Gerik -          in a nearby forest -          in the nearby state of Kelantan. -          in Kelantan

ASSIGNMENT M4 LA1

As an assignment, you will compare the three news reports by stating the similarities and differences of the three news reports in regard to (1) social functions, (2) text structures, and (3) lexicogrammatical features, based on the analyses you have done previously.

Here are the steps you need to follow:

1.      First, focus only on the social functions, then identify the similarities and differences.

2.      Second, focus only on the text structures, then identify the similarities and differences.

3.      Third, focus only on the lexicogrammatical features, then identify the similarities and differences.

4.      Finally, make a summary to compare the three texts. Then, make your own conclusion about English news reports.

TEXT 1

Passenger Plane Crashes On Take Off in Northern Mexico

Durango | Wed, August 1, 2018 | 06:01 am

Dozens of people were injured as an airliner crashed on takeoff during a heavy hail storm in northern Mexico, engulfing the plane in flames, the airline and passengers said Tuesday.

Passengers said there had been "a strange movement" on takeoff and "that was when the accident happened," Durango Governor Jose Rosas told the Milenio television channel.

Dozens of lightly injured passengers left the plane, which was engulfed in gray smoke in a field. Witnesses said there were "about 80 injured."

The plane carrying 97 passengers and four crew heading from Durango to the capital Mexico City, "crashed on take off" around 4:00 pm (2100 GMT), the country's Transport Minister Gerardo Ruiz Esparza said on Twitter.

Emergency services, the army and the Red Cross were on the scene.

Aeromexico said it was "working to verify the information and gather details."

The first images of the crash site shared on social and Mexican media showed a plane partially immersed in flames.

"I pray that the crew and all the passengers are OK," said Mexico President Enrique Pena Nieto.

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/08/01/passenger-plane-crashes-on-take-off-in-northern-mexico.html

TEXT 2

Pertamina Says Refinery Plan On Schedule

Jakarta | Thu, August 2, 2018 | 12:06 pm

State-energy holding Pertamina is optimistic about its refinery plan, with investors expressing interest in doing business with the company.  

A refinery in Cilacap, Central Java is awaiting spin-off approval from Saudi Aramco, a Saudi Arabian oil company, Pertamina refinery and petrochemical megaproject director Heru Setiawan said on Wednesday.

 “We are still talking with Saudi Aramco. The plan is on schedule. Meanwhile, we are in the process of acquiring land in Cilacap,” he said.

Pertamina has to yet to decide on a partner for its refinery in Balikpapan, East Kalimantan.

Pertamina will maintain 51 percent ownership in its Balikpapan refinery project, Heru said, adding that Pertamina was also in talks with other investors, including those from Oman for a refinery in Bontang, East Kalimantan.

Pertamina is upgrading its four existing refineries and building two new ones to double Indonesia’s refining capacity to 2 million barrels of oil per day (bopd) by 2025 from 1 million bopd.

The four existing refineries are located in Cilacap; Balongan in West Java, Dumai in Riau; and Balikpapan in East Kalimantan. Meanwhile, the two new refineries are located in Tuban in East Java and Bontang.

Heru said its refinery business was expected to gain additional supplies from Rokan Block, a lucrative oil block Pertamina was set to take over in 2021. (bbn) 

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/08/02/pertamina-says-refinery-plan-on-schedule.html

TEXT 3

High Waves Destroy All Tsunami Sirens in Gunung Kidul

Jakarta | Thu, August 2, 2018 | 12:32 pm

The National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) revealed that high waves, which hit Gunung Kidul beach in Yogyakarta on Wednesday and Thursday, destroyed all the tsunami sirens within the Gunung Kidul beach tourist area.

“Seven tsunami sirens at Gunung Kidul beach have been destroyed. Right now there are no tsunami sirens available in the Gunung Kidul residential and tourist areas,” BNPB spokesperson Sutopo said on Thursday morning via his official Twitter account.

Tsunami sirens are crucial for the local community, especially for people in Yogyakarta, who experienced a powerful magnitude 6.3 earthquake in 2006 that killed more than 6,000 people and displaced more than 200,000.

“We need to replace them immediately, to protect the community,” Sutopo added.

Sigit Hadi Prakoso, a forecaster at the Yogyakarta office of the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) recently said that the high waves had been triggered by differences in air pressure thanks to tropical cyclone Son Tinh in the South China Sea, followed by tropical cyclone Ampil.

This led to high wind speeds that later resulted in high waves on the beaches along Java’s southern coast.

A team of experts from Gadjah Mada University (UGM) and BMKG have said the high waves had so far caused over Rp 2 billion (US$138,446) in financial losses in the province alone.

The high waves destroyed a total of 24 gazebos, five fishing ships, four kiosks, four stalls and 20 nets on the beaches located along the province’s southern coast. (swd)

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/08/02/high-waves-destroy-all-tsunami-sirens-in-gunung-kidul.html

Similarities and Differences Aspects	Text 1	Text 2	Text 3
Social Functions 1.      Target Readers 2.      reporter’s position towards the issue 3.      news report enlighten its readers	·         Plane Passenger ·         People in General ·         Foreign People ·         Traveler ·         Airline ·         Neutral or Objective because the source of the news is from Witnesses and Passenger ·         The casualty of the event Dozens of people were injured ·         The type of accident an airliner crashed on takeoff during a heavy hail storm ·         The place in northern Mexico, ·         The time Tuesday. ·         The choronologies of the accident Passengers said there had been "a strange movement" on takeoff and "that was when the accident happened," The plane carrying 97 passengers and four crew heading from Durango to the capital Mexico City, "crashed on take off" around 4:00 pm (2100 GMT), ·         The attention from authorities "I pray that the crew and all the passengers are OK," said Mexico President Enrique Pena Nieto.	·         Politician ·         Govenrment ·         Investor ·         People In General Objective ·         Pertamina refinery and petrochemical megaproject director Heru Setiawan ·         Main news : Pertamina’s refinery plan ·         The additional information ; work with Saudi Aramco, a Saudi Arabian oil company, ·         The target are refinary Cilacap; Balongan in West Java, Dumai in Riau; and Balikpapan in East Kalimantan. Meanwhile, the two new refineries are located in Tuban in East Java and Bontang. ·         The goal of refinary is to produce 2 million barrels of oil per day (bopd) by 2025 from 1 million bopd	·         Traveler ·         Tourist ·         People around beach ·         People in General ·         Government ·         Fisherman Objective and Neutral ·         BNPB spokesperson Sutopo ·         The cause of broken Tsunami Sirens ; High waves ·         The unavailable Tsunami sirens in the Gunung Kidul residential and tourist areas ·         Historical event ; a powerful magnitude 6.3 earthquake in 2006 that killed more than 6,000 people and displaced more than 200,000. ·         The cause of high waves ; differences in air pressure thanks to tropical cyclone Son Tinh in the South China Sea, followed by tropical cyclone Ampil. ·         The loss by this incident is over Rp 2 billion (US$138,446) and a total of 24 gazebos, five fishing ships, four kiosks, four stalls and 20 net
Social Functions	·         The three texts inform the readers about the events, but the targeted readers are not same. Text 1 and Text 3 seems to have same target, which is traveler because it has the relationship with tourism on the other hand, Text 2 is about economy.   ·         The texts also have the same reporter’s position towards the issue. ·         The text 1 and Text 3 are richer in content than Text 2
Text Structures 1.      The Structure of the Headline 2.      The Structure of the Newsworthy Event 3.      The Structure of the Events in Details 4.      News Agent’s Initials	·         Unfortunate Event Passenger Plane Crashes ·         Time On Take Off ·         Place in Northern Mexico Stating with the weather while the incident and the incident day ; during a heavy hail storm and on Tuesday. ·       The cause of the incident according to casualty "a strange movement" on takeoff and "that was when the accident happened," ·       The number of the injured people there were "about 80 injured." ·       The passenger in details The plane carrying 97 passengers and four crew heading ·       The attention from the authorities "I pray that the crew and all the passengers are OK," said Mexico President Enrique Pena Nieto. There is no News Agent’s Initial	·    The event ; Refinary Plan ·    The subject ; Pertamina Starting with the additional information about the investor’s interest to that business. ·         The work plan with other subject, Saudi Aramco ·         The other additional information ‘a partner for its refinery in Balikpapan, Oman Investor for a refinery in Bontang, ·         The advantages of refinary ; to ptoduce 2 million barrels of oil per day (bopd) by 2025 from 1 million bopd. ·         The reason to do the plan ; to gain additional supplies from Rokan Block The initial is (bbn)	·         Unfortunate Event High waves destroy Tsunami Sirens ·         Place In Gunug Kidul Stating with the additional information such as place, time, and the news maker. ·         The National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) ·         in Yogyakarta on Wednesday and Thursday, ·         within the Gunung Kidul beach tourist area. ·         The numbers of Sirens destroyed. “Seven tsunami sirens at Gunung Kidul beach have been destroyed ·         The newest condition there are no tsunami sirens available in the Gunung Kidul residential and tourist areas ·         The authorities statement …..tsunami sirens available in the Gunung Kidul residential and tourist areas,” BNPB spokesperson Sutopo said ….. ·           The initial is (swd)
The three texts contain Newsworthy Event by mentioning only the important points, but I think text 2 is less informative so the newsworthy event is not interesting.  And for the events in details: the three texts also elaborate the events by providing the details of the important points, as stated by the sources (authority, source person, witness, etc.). Text 1 and Text 3 looks like incident news so they provide witness and authorities about the incident, in addition, Text 2 looks like informative economy news, so it only provides a authorities because it doesn’t need a witness to explain the news. The last, first news does not provide the initial news agent but text 2 and three do.
Lexicogrammatical Features 1.  The Headline 2.  The Newsworthy Events 3.  The Events in Details	Passenger Plane Crashes On Take Off in Northern Mexico Telegraphic : Passenger Plane Verb in Simple Present (normally in past), Crashes, Crashed ·         direct and indirect sentences and past tenses Dozens of people were injured as an airliner crashed ........... in flames, the airline and passengers said Tuesday. ·         Use of direct and indirect sentences "a strange movement" on takeoff and "that was when the accident happened," Durango Governor Jose Rosas Passengers said there had been Dozens of lightly injured passengers left the plane, which was engulfed in gray smoke in a field. ·         past tenses was engulfed, were, left ·         Use of prepositional phrases in a field ·         Use of non-finite clauses to modify people or things and circumstances The plane carrying 97 passengers and four crew heading from Durango to the capital Mexico City, ·         Possible use of emotive words "I pray that the crew and all the passengers are OK," said Mexico President Enrique Pena Nieto.	Pertamina Says Refinery Plan On Schedule Verb in simple present Says --à Said ·         Use Simple Present, is ·         Present Participle Investors expressing interest in doing business with the company. Almost use simple present Central Java is awaiting spin-off has to yet to decide Seldom use past tense  Pertamina was also in talks Present Participle including those from Oman Passive The four existing refineries are located its refinery business was expected Pertamina was set to Direct “We are still talking with Saudi Aramco. The plan is on schedule. Meanwhile, we are in the process of acquiring land in Cilacap,” he said. Indirect Heru said its refinery business was expected to gain additional supplies from Rokan Block, a lucrative oil block Pertamina was set to take over in 2021.	High Waves Destroy All Tsunami Sirens in Gunung Kidul Verbs in simple present and show the place of incident. Destroys --à Destroyed Gunung Kidul ·         Past Tense revealed destroyed ·         Adjective Clause which hit ·         Preposition in Yogyakarta on Wednesday and Thursday, ·         Direct Preech, Passive, “Seven tsunami sirens at Gunung Kidul beach have been destroyed. Right now there are no tsunami sirens available in the Gunung Kidul residential and tourist areas,” BNPB spokesperson Sutopo said on Thursday morning via his official Twitter account. ·         Adjective Clause …….people in Yogyakarta, who experienced a powerful magnitude …… ·         Indirect Speech, Passive, Past Participle Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) recently said that the high waves had been triggered by differences in air pressure thanks to tropical cyclone Son Tinh in the South China Sea, followed by tropical cyclone Ampil.
Summary	The three texts have the similarities in headline, they use present verbs. They also use direct and indirect speech for the additional information. For the content, they are different, the first text and third text use past tense in the content while the second text almost use present in the content.